How do volatile organic compounds (VOCs) negatively impact air quality?

Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are organic chemicals that can easily evaporate at room temperature and are commonly found in various household products, industrial processes, and vehicle emissions. When VOCs are released into the atmosphere, they can react with nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the presence of sunlight to produce ground-level ozone, which contributes to the formation of smog. This mixture of pollutants can lead to significant deterioration in air quality, particularly in urban areas.

In addition to their role in smog formation, VOCs are associated with various adverse health effects, including respiratory issues, eye irritation, headaches, and more severe conditions over prolonged exposure. These negative health impacts further underscore the importance of monitoring and regulating VOC emissions to protect public health and improve air quality.

Therefore, the selected response accurately reflects the dual threat VOCs pose to both environmental and human health, emphasizing their contribution to smog and respiratory problems. This understanding is crucial for addressing air quality issues and implementing effective regulations.