What is the difference between contamination and exposure?

The distinction between contamination and exposure is crucial in hazardous materials response. Contamination refers to the presence of hazardous substances on surfaces, objects, or individuals, indicating that those surfaces or individuals have been directly affected by hazardous materials. It suggests a certainty that the hazardous material is physically present and can pose a risk.

On the other hand, exposure encompasses the idea of coming into contact with a hazardous substance, but it does not necessarily guarantee that contamination has occurred. For example, a person could be exposed to a harmful substance through vapor or dust without it settling on their skin or clothing, meaning that while there was an interaction, there are no physical residues present to constitute contamination. Thus, exposure can vary greatly in terms of severity and effects and may not always result in a contaminant being present.

The other options do not accurately encapsulate the definitions in a way that distinguishes between contamination and exposure effectively. Understanding this distinction helps in developing protocols for safety and decontamination in hazardous materials situations.