Which method is categorized under defensive containment interventions?

The method categorized under defensive containment interventions is diking. Diking involves constructing a barrier, typically made of earthen materials or other barriers, around a hazardous material spill to contain it and prevent it from spreading to the surrounding environment. This technique is crucial in emergency response because it helps to control the area affected by the spill, minimizing the risk of exposure to hazardous materials and allowing for safer cleanup operations.

Diking is particularly useful in situations where the spilled material is liquid and could potentially flow away from the site, causing further contamination. By creating a perimeter around the release, responders can manage the situation more effectively, reducing impacts on public health and the environment.

Other methods like plugging and patching are considered active interventions, aimed at stopping the release at the source, while methods such as absorb and containerize are more about mitigation and cleanup rather than containment. Each of these techniques has its distinct purpose, but diking specifically aligns with the defensive approach to managing hazardous material spills by containing and controlling the material securely.